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Medical imaging is often prescribed by medical doctors to capture images of specific body parts in order to diagnose or monitor the progression or healing of a condition or injury. Imaging is performed by Radiologic Technologists who undergo specialized training and certification. There are several forms of imaging used in the healthcare industry. In Orthopedics, Rad Techs typically provide imaging services that can include X-rays, Computed Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Bone Density Scans. Since these are commonly ordered, it is important to understand the differences and how they help patients.
What is an X-ray?
X-ray is the earliest form of imaging technology, first discovered in 1895. X-rays use high-energy electromagnetic radiation to view structures inside the body, particularly bones and dense matter. It is not indicated for viewing soft tissue. Normally, images are taken from different angles while the patient is asked to stand, sit, or lay down. It is quick and painless and can be used by Orthopedic doctors to view such conditions as broken bones, arthritis, spine curvature such as Scoliosis or other skeletal conditions. X-rays can also help Orthopedists decide how to treat broken bones – surgically or non-surgically.
What is a CT Scan?
Computed Tomography is another non-invasive tool used to view inside the body. This device produces cross-sectional images (or slices) of bones, blood vessels, muscles, soft tissue, fat and organs. It is more detailed than X-rays and is utilized to view such conditions as traumatic injury, broken bones, vertebrae, herniated disc, tumors, structural anomalies and the like. This test is performed as the patient lies flat and still while being inserted into the ring of an open-ended CT machine.
What is an MRI?
Magnetic Resonance Imaging is an indispensable diagnostic tool because of the clarity and accuracy of images that are captured. MRIs produce magnetic fields and radio waves to generate highly detailed images of bones, organs and soft tissues including ligaments, cartilage and tendons. It is useful for viewing tears, fractures, joint disorders, infections, spinal disorders and deformities, herniated discs, tumors, masses and cysts. It is also used by the physician as a guide for pre-surgical planning. This type of imaging is performed while the patient lies flat and still while being inserted into an open-ended MRI tube. MRI testing takes longer due to the meticulously detailed imaging being generated by this technology.
What is a Bone Density Scan?
A Bone Density Scan is utilized by Orthopedic doctors to measure the amount of calcium and other important minerals in the bone. It also measures the thickness and strength of bones. This tool is important in detecting degenerative diseases such as Osteoporosis and Osteopenia. A bone scan can also find weakness in bone that may eventually lead to a break or fracture. This simple in-office test requires the patient to lie flat on an X-ray table while a large scanning arm passes over their body. This arm is capturing bone density measurements to be reviewed by the physician.
In all cases, imaging is essential for providing physicians with detailed information from within the body. This aids them in making a correct diagnosis and treatment plan going forward.
