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Two very common conditions that affect the elbow are lateral epicondylitis, also known as tennis elbow, and medial epicondylitis, also known as golfer’s or baseball elbow. As the names imply, these conditions are very similar in nature. While generally associated with sports that involve swinging or overhead throwing, they can affect any adult, typically between the ages of 30-60, who perform consistent, repetitive movements of the wrist or elbow. Both lateral and medial epicondylitis are inflammation of tendons that are caused by this type of overuse.
In simple terms, a person’s forearm and elbow has two sides – the lateral side (or the outside) and the medial side (or the inside closest to the body). The forearm is composed of the ulna and radius bones which stretch from the wrist to the elbow. The elbow is a joint that is formed where the upper arm bone (the humerus) meets the ulna and radius. Where the humerus meets these bones, it has a lateral bony point that has tendons and muscles connected to it, and a medial bony point where tendons and muscles also connect.
Tennis elbow can occur by the constant swing of a sports racket, as an example, especially when it is performed over a long period of time. For instance, playing tennis or pickleball several days and hours each week. This constant movement can result in muscle strain / inflammation and wear and tear to the extensor tendons on the lateral side (extensor tendons and muscles are used for extending). Under the same conditions, golfer’s elbow can cause similar symptoms to the flexor tendons on the medial side (flexor tendons and muscles are used for flexing). These symptoms can include pain, weakness, stiffness and numbness that travels anywhere between the elbow to the wrist. As previously mentioned, these conditions aren’t exclusive to athletes. Many occupations, such as trades, involve long-term repetitive motions. The same can occur with constant computer use and even lifting.
There are different treatment options for these conditions including resting the injury, therapy, injections, pain medications and surgery for advanced cases. Another conservative and effective solution is wearing a counterforce brace. These braces are worn on the forearm just below the injured elbow and are designed to apply tension to the affected area in order to support it during movement. The brace can be comfortably worn throughout the day, during normal repetitive activities, and while playing sports. Depending on the injury, your Orthopedic doctor will be able to advise on how long the brace should be worn.
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